National Westminster Bank Essay -- Business and Management Studies:

National Westminster curse1. IntroductionThe purpose of this report is to analyse the sheath NationalWestminster Bank (David Woodgate and Nigel Slack, 1992), in order toidentify either existing and potential problems, then after carefulconsideration recommend possible courses of action to rectify them.During the review of the organisation described in the case, the pick upissues will be identified and then related to relevant theory.Analysis will then be made of wholly relevant factors and recommendationswill be made after consideration of all factors.Overview of the CaseThe case study to be analysed focuses on the St Jamess Square branchof the National Westminster Bank in Londons West End. The case givesa clear and concise representation of the banks structure givingdetailed descriptions of the all the employees roles and functions andan organisation chart. The focus is then applied to the RecordsSection and account opening procedure, which is where the problems arefound and co mplaints have been registered.The results of a survey are summarised in the case to show the unmingled level of customer dissatisfaction with the account openingprocedure, the importance of such factors are then highlighted with abrief description of the level of contention within the bankingindustry. The views of are also considered and suggest areas wherecurrent systems may be failing the organisation.2. ProblemKey IssuesThe location of the bank in St Jamess square is both a blessing and aburden to the organisation. The sophisticated clientele resulted inthe bank being the most profitable in its region, hitherto they alsoexpected an extremely high level of customer service. This high levelof expectation from the customers resulted in any lapses in servicebeing exceedingly scrutinised.The key issues to be addressed within this branch occur in or aroundthe process of opening accounts which is the responsibility of theRecords Section, they are as follows Customers connecter the w rong queue and requiring redirection because the enquiries desk was neither well positioned or signposted. Competition is tough within the banking industry, particularly in this branchs immediate vicinity. 36 per cent of customers felt formalities were not properly explained. 76 per cent had not received the sta... ...nt a new system in theRecords Section. After consideration of alternatives it is apparentthat it would be possible and practical for the organisation to dothis with kayoed major disruption to the organisational structure.5. RecommendationsThe main recommendation from the findings in this report is for the StJamess Square branch to implement a cell layout in order for theRecords Section to handle its workload.This would enable them to carry out all their tasks much moreefficiently and fulfil its duties while maintaining customersatisfaction. To implement such a system the bank will need to employa process of windows in which customers are able to come in and openac counts or to arrange appointments on the phone.Possible drawbacks with such a service would be that customers wouldnot be able to open accounts at their gismo and may becomedissatisfied with this process but the quality of product they wouldreceive is likely to be much improved.---------------------------------------------------------------------1 Statistics derived from a survey the branch carried out in 1989 on customers views of their account opening procedures.

Killer Angels Essays -- essays research papers

Wars have been fought for many different reasons through the years, and that holds true for the American civic War (1861-1865). In Michael Shaaras Pulitzer Prize winning novel, The Killer Angels, the reasons for fighting the war argon brought about through the officers and soldiers at a famous battle site of the Civil War, Gettysburg. Gettysburg was one of the about documented battles of the whole war. It took place over a span of three days and can be viewed as a bend point from Confederate prominence to Confederate demise. The league and the Confederacy each had their own views as to wherefore they were fighting the war. The propaganda pitch the coupler gave was they were fighting to drop out the slaves. This was not true It was said southwesterlyerners were fighting to preserve slavery. This is also a false statement. In fact, there were a substantial amount of generals in the Union army that owned slaves themselves. In addition the constitution protected slavery. If the t rue issue was to maintain slavery the South would not have seceded. There argon many quotes from northern leaders that show clearly that the main purpose of the North was not the eradication of slavery, but subjugation of the southern people. Slavery was employ to rally the northern population behind Abraham Lincolns war. It was an emotional issue, sure some Yankees joined and fought to set men free, but most were there to preserve the union. An interesting conflict of northern morals is discovered. The North is portrayed as wanting to set black men free, but they upright economic slavery on the Southern states. The Civil War was really more politically complex with regards to Abraham Lincoln and his Republican Partys actions. The South fought this war as the Second American Revolution. The Northern states politicians were aggressively attempting to implement a monarchial form of government, which was precisely what the early colonists had fought against in the American Revolutio n. The Northern states were fetching advantage of their superior numbers in the federal government and were using their advantage to implement unfair tariffs against the South. Enormous amounts of money were taken from the South and funneled into the northern states. Most of the revenue taken from the Southern states was used to run government programs. This brought about the argument of States Rights and a weaker central gov... ...the reason why they fought. The citizen soldiers who fought for the Confederacy personified the best qualities of America. The preservation of liberty and freedom was the greatest motivating factor in the Souths decision to fight for independence. They resigned their bond to a government that they found increasingly abusing the constitution and the rights of the states for self-determination. The tenacity with which Confederate soldiers fought underscored their belief in the rights guaranteed by the constitution. These attributes are the underpinning of our democratic society and represent the foundation on which this nation was originally built. They did not seek to destroy the federal government, they chose to withdraw and form their own government that was to be truer to the original constitution. Basically Northerners fought to preserve the Union and Southerners fought for their rights as a separate nation. The Union was victorious in the American Civil War, but feelings of the Federal Government not fulfilling its duties under the Constitution are still alive today. Wars will always be fought for different causes and that will always hold true with the wars of the future.

Lab Essays -- essays research papers

1AbstractThe experiment conducted regarding Memory Processes tested individuals on their office to store and retrieve discourses. The takes on which sacred scriptures were stored were structural, the lowest level, phonetic, the next highest level, and semantic, the highest level of processing. The experiment is based on the recall and reorganization of the conditions from group they show during the experiment. The experiment conducted supported hypotheses regarding a subjects performance on retrieving words at different levels. The independent variables were the encoding levels, and they manipulated the dependent variables by change the time in which a word could be received due to its placement on a processing level. This experiment was an extension of Craik and Lockharts Depth of affect Model, that explored the effects of deeper processing by an individual, and the likely-hood that those words processed deeper were retrieved better. 2IntroductionIn 1970, Craik and Lockhart proposed that there are different levels of processing a person uses spell encoding information. Thus, they devised a model to represent these levels of processing called the Depth of Perception Model. In this lab, the levels of processing were based on a persons susceptibility to recall certain words according to the category in which they were presented to the subject. The three levels of these encoding categories were orthographic (structural) processing, or identified physical characteristics phonetic processing, or the earpiece a word makes and that auditory relationship to other words and semantic processing, or the representational meaning a word has when used in circumstance with other words. Respectively, a word when recognized by the subjects passes first through orthographic processing, then phonetic processing, and finally semantic processing. According to Craik and Lockhart, when a word has gone through these three levels of encoding it is more likely to be stored and later retrieved than a word that has only gone through the first level of processing. This lab tested a subjects ability to store, or hold learned information for later use, based on the three levels the word was possibly processed on. There were thirty-six words presented to each subject in the Psyk.Trek experiment. These words were process... ... than basing an experiment on selected students with relatively the kindred ability, in the same college course, all participating for the same reasons. The internal validity in this experiment could have also been improved if serial positioning was included in the observational data. Since serial positioning was important in the conduction of this lab, its lack of final representation was also a lack of internal validity. To further research on the topic of memory, not only can these faults be addressed, but also if words were repeated under the same encoding processes and then tested more than once, a better understanding of how effective each process is may be reached. Also different sections could be added to the experiment that called for the convalescence of a word on another level from which it was stored and on the same level it was stored. The reaction times it takes to process these words on different levels could prove as fire data, either to support that a word is 8retrieved at the same time for the level on which it was stored, or that a words retrieval depends on its context, not the level at which it was stored.

Brave New World State Motto :: Essays Papers

Brave virgin World State MottoCommunity + Identity = StabilityIn a human race based on the motto Community, individualism, stability, every aspect of society follows that phrase. In the Aldous Huxleys Brave New World, every unitary belongs to everyone else. The people live in one community, follow their pre-destined identity and lead stable lives as a result.The whole society in Brave New World is based on community. No one is ever alone. Solitude and loneliness are unheard of. Everything, as well as everyone, belongs to everyone else. There are constantly community gatherings, such as Orgy-Porgy and community-sings. Depending on what caste you are part of, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta or Epsilon, you attend different events. Community is the basis of life in the civilized world. Every citizen of the Brave New World has a pre-destined life already planned for him. From the moment a person is decanted, their caste, career, thoughts and fears are picked out for them. Infan ts are brainwashed into what they are destined to become. Basically, your identity is chosen for you and it is your job to fulfill it, which isnt difficult because thats all you know. A person is trained to love their lifestyle and their role in the world and to think they have it better than everyone else. Betas cant imagine life as an Epsilon, while Epsilons would never dream of being Beta. The result of a strengthened sense of community along with pre-destined lifestyles is stability, the third part of the Brave New Worlds motto. No one has to think for himself or make choices on their own the government does all that.

The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay -- Metamorphosis Kafka Essays

The Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka with let on literary history, certain authors are so unique and fresh in their approach to the written news program that they come to embody a genre. Franz Kafka is one such author Die Verwandlung or The Metamorphosis is one of his works that helped coin the term Kafkaesque. Through this novella, Kafka addresses the unchanged theme of people exploit-ing others as a means to an end. He demonstrates this point through showing that a familys unhealthy dependence on the master(prenominal) character results in that characters dependence on the family.Kafkas unorthodox beginning of The Metamorphosis reads as what would seem to be a climactic moment As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams he found himself transformed in his bed into a gigantic dirt ball. The reader is henceforth form to the story in search of the reason for and meaning of this hideous metamorphosis. Shortly thereafter, the reader may also notice that although Gregor is quit e aware of his condition, given these unmatched circumstances he is not at all in the state of panic one might expect. On the contrary, the insect is frustrated that it cannot get out of bed to go to work As Gregor tries to rouse himself from bed in his present condition, his observation that he himself wasnt feeling particularly fresh and active is depressed in its passive acknowledgment of the absurdity of his state (p. 855). This sets the tone for the remainder of the first chapter of the story. Gregor, a person typically not a hindered by minuscule aches and pains, (p. 857) clings to his rational nature as he struggles with the slow-in-coming realization that he is more than temporarily incapacitated (p. 863).The first chapter ends shortly after Gregor reveals his new form. The sight of the insect elicited an expected re sue its mother understandably retreated aghast and in shock. Correspondingly, the chief clerk that had been sent by Gregors employer, scrambled in flight as he had quite slipped from his mind (p. 864). Gregors father was relatively calm (p. 865) until the chief clerk had completed a hastened retreat. Gregors father, spurred into action by this flight, consequently repelled the insect aggressively and injuriously back into the bedroom from which it had come.The second chapter illustrates a family and a human-insect trying to adju... ... a perfectly normal function to do.Kafka uses a unique method of illustration. He does not say, Gregor is like a bug. He does not say Gregor is bug in a traditional metaphor rather he says Gregor is a bug literally. The force is dramatic, as the reader, by virtue of the absurdity of the literalness of situation, is swept-up in trying to stay footed in reality. The effect of this technique is that the reader continues throughout the story to ask the question why? It is in this pursuit of why that the reader sees Kafkas message Dont treat people simply as a means, or life will have a way of turning it b ack on yourself. Through the transformation of Gregor, and the transformation of the familys life, Kafka wants the reader to observe that despite Gregors metamorphosis into something very un-human, he remains the model of humanity when compared to his family. Not solo did the family leech from Gregor, society itself seemed to call upon Gregor not as a person, but to serve as a tool to satisfy their needs. Once transformed, Gregor no extended served well in this capacity. Rather, he became the one in need, and he quickly became more of a burden than he was worth to them.

My Reaction To The Sociological Imagination Chapter One: The Promise Essay

After reading The Sociological Imagination Chapter One The previse by C. Wright mill, I had mixed emotions about multiple topics in which he discussed. The overall subject of the Sociological Imagination is one that I found to be confusing. Firstly, I agree with his affirmment that, Nowadays battalion often feel their private lives argon a series of traps, (Mills 1). This statement is thus followed by the reference that humans, as individuals, are nothing except spectators of our everyday milieu. When going about our daily lives, many individuals feel as if they must do certain things because they toleratenot tame the obstacles standing in their way. I agree with this idea because I soulally feel as if several(prenominal) days I am trapped in my own living, and there is nothing I can do to escape. Whether this is with my daily high school schedule, daily range schedule, or even my weekly CCAC schedule, I feel as if there is no way out.I mother so caught up in everything at once that I just pauperism to break free in a sense, escaping for just an hour, so I can relax. The second point he conveys, is the idea that individuals can and fancy their fate in accordance to the knowing of their place in the hierarchy of ones surroundings. One eccentric indicating social stratification is how ranking individuals allows for the sire of fate, such as a given class rank in high school. The class rank is a numerical value given to from each one student allowing for them to know where they stand while beingness compared to their peers. The previous example demonstrates how I also agree with Mills idea. However, there were also numerous topics that deviate my opinion and I am not in complete accordance with. One of these topics that Mills discusses, but I do not agree with is when he states, Neither the life on an individual nor the chronicle of a society can be understood without understanding both, (Mills 1).My reaction to this name is that I regard it is false. I personally entrust that to understand the life of an individual, one does not need to know the history of their society. If one would trace history back out-of-the-way(prenominal) enough, everyone will end up back at the same few places. Therefore, making all history of society even and unnecessary to understand the life of an individual. Although I disagree with this idea, I understand Mills idea of the historical involvement. Overall, this chapter of Mills work left me with a reaction of mixed emotions. I concur with some aspects of his work, yet disagreed with certain aspects of his work. I never plan of anindividual and history in a co-ordinance together. I also would fill never thought of a daily life being trapped. This chapter led me to want to further read into the ideas of social positions, social value, and social troubles and issues. My final reaction to this chapter is that Mills has a unique way of thinking, and it led me to personally have mixed emo tions to his overall work.The first main point of C. Wright Mills chapter that I found to be appealing is the idea of social positions. It should be clarified that social position is not discussing positions in terms of physical location, but as a hierarchic stature. It is similar in that of the location on the totem pole. Mills notes that,Sociological Imagination is the idea that the individual can understand her own experience and gauge her own fate only by locating herself within her period, that she can know her own chances in life only by becoming aware of those of all individuals in her circumstances, (Mills 2). This quote is showing that in order for individuals to know their own future, they must know where they rank in place with everyone else. Another phrase that may also see applicable here, is self-consciousness.Knowing everyones locations allows individuals to estimate where they may be in a few years, without over or under estimating themselves. If they see someone w ho is relatively close to their own social status being successful, they can then come to the conclusion that they too, will be successful. Their social position can then help them look back in history and see where they may be able to assist in the current making of history. Every person lives out a biography during their lifetime, and it helps shape society, even though their input is minor to the current history making (Mills 2). Social positions have helped shape history from generation to generation. The second point I would like to discuss, is the idea of social determine. A value is something that holds importance and meaning to someone or a multitude of people.When asked a question regarding mankind issues and private troubles, Mills responds quite simply that, To formulate issues and troubles, we must ask what values are valued yet threatened, and what values are cherished and supported, by characterizing trends of our period, (Mills 5). By this quote, Mills shows the importance values have on society, and that they must be characterized depending on how they make people feel. The state of an individual is directly related to the state of their values. Peopleexperience well-being when they have values that are not being threatened. This is due to the fact that they have nothing to worry about, and they can go through their day in a normal fashion. However, when the opposite occurs, and the individual has values that they feel are being threatened, the individual then experiences a crisis.A crisis is a sudden change or a stage of danger. Furthermore, if all of the individuals values are threatened at the same time, they experience a full panic, overwhelming fear. In continuance, if one does not know of any cherished values nor experience any threat, they are in a state of in dissimilitude. In addition to the above, the final feeling is the experience of uneasiness or anxiety. This occurs when the individual is unaware of cherished values, yet feel s a threat. Often people have these feelings, but are unaware of the direct cause of them. One example Mill uses in his work is the time period after World War Two. He mentioned how not everyone was aware of the values, but all felt a threat. From the previous one can conclude that there was a full feeling of uneasiness in America. As one can now see, values play in important role in society and in the individual. The final idea that I would like to acknowledge is the idea of social troubles and issues.There is a distinct difference between troubles and issues, and Mills makes that very clear in his work. According to Mills, Troubles occur within the character of the individual and within the range of his or her immediate transaction with others, (Mills 4). In other words, troubles are the problems that are concerned with the self and personal awareness within their direct surroundings. Troubles are private matters to an individual and occur when their values seem threatened. He a lso states that, Issues have to do with matters that transcend these local environments of the individual and the range of her inner life, (Mills 4). This also means that they are public matters, and become a problem when the public values become threatened. Issues are public matters and can range as small as one group of people to as large as a few communities.There are many common examples showing the difference between troubles and issues. Unemployment is a perfect example to differentiate between the two. Unemployment as a trouble is if one man is unemployed, and as an issue is if ten percent of the nations workers are unemployed. As one can see, the trouble is personal and the issue is public. Another example is war. The trouble of war is the need to survive and tomake money out of it as a career. The issue of war is the cause and effects on others, therefore making it public. Those are examples of the major differences between troubles and issues. In conclusion, after reading the condition The Sociological Imagination Chapter One The Promise by C. Wright Mills, I had an overall feeling of mixed emotions. I strongly agreed with some of his topics, while disagreeing with others. throughout the entire paper I was capable of understanding Mills, even while is disagreement.The topic I found to be most appealing was the fact that some individuals feel a sense of being trapped within their own lives. Although it sounds contradicting, Mills was capable to explain the idea thoroughly and fully. I also believe that with the understanding of social position, values, along with troubles and issues one is fully capable of understanding the Sociological Imagination. Social positions is knowing where the individual stands comparatively in their society, or if interpreted broader, in history. Social values are the ideas that individuals cherish and when threatened causes different experiences within ones self. Social troubles occur when values are threatened, but at a private and small scale. In opposition, issues occur when the same or different values are threatened, but at a public or macro scale. Overall, I believe that Mills Sociological Imagination is a grand topic that may be analyzed to help untested ideas begin.Works CitedMills, C. Wright. The Sociological Imagination

Essay on “Pike” by Ted Hughes

The poesy Pike describes the fish of the same name and the poets feelings ab out(a) them, fishing and the brutality of some little ones he had as pets, which after grew out of entertain, indeed they sp be nobody. The rime seems to be about nature, ponds and lily pads, scarce this is non a truly pastoral poem as it is not solely about the beauty and innocence of nature the tone is dark, deep as England and compensate terrifying, the hair frozen on my head for what might melt down. The grammatical construction of the poem seems regular each verse has four lines.However, the line length, though at kickoff it looks regular, is in fact irregular, ranging from five syllables to thirteen syllables. This inequality adds to the nauseous tone of the poem, creating an aural sensation of something hiding within the longer lines, mirroring the way in which the throughway lurks under the waters surface, logged on concluding yrs black leaves, watching upwards. The first two stanzas f inish with a full stop, which creates the sensation of control control.This suggests that the poet has control of the dangerous fish, killers from the egg, at this stage, when the pike he describes are three inches long, perfect. However, by the fifth stanza, when the poet retells his anecdote about the pike we kept behind glass, at first there are three, then suddenly there were two and finally one, (as it has eaten the others), and this ruthless, cannibal fish, unlike any traditional pet, moves directly into the undermentioned stanza, with a sag belly and the grin it was born with.In this next stanza, the sixth, the poet warns the reader that the pike spare nobody. The fishs brutality is echoed by the poems form at this point the vicious pike has dominated the fish tank and now dominates the poem, refusing to follow the previous, neat form and escapes from one stanza to the next.Later in the poem the stanzas continue to run seamlessly into each other with enjambement, dead in t he willow-herb- one jammed past its gills down the others gullet, implying that the poet is losing control of the carnivorous fish and its submarine slenderness and standoff. This is a rather long poem, with eleven stanzas, and the poet uses the extended description that runs throughout the whole poem, to emphasise the size of the pike six pounds each, over two feet long and their old age, thereby evoking his sense of being in awe of the fishs submarine delicacy and horror.This poem focuses on the pike, describing them in close detail, green tigering the gold, and only in the fifth person does the poet introduce the first person, we, (and in the ordinal stanza, I). However, from the start, the poets choice of style makes clear his feelings about the fish he shows awe through the use of irresponsible language such as perfect, and gold and emerald, which have connotations of precious wealth.He describes pike as stunned by their own grandeur, implying that he thinks the fish are self-conscious and even arrogant, his use of the verb stunned here is almost personification, as if the poet thinks the fish can have the same self-awareness as a human. On the other hand, positive language such as dance and grandeur is juxtaposed against an underlying mood of darkness and evil, which enters the poem in its third line when the fish are presented as killers from the egg and malevolent.Therefore in the first three stanzas, the poets attitude is contrasting, seeing both delicacy and horror in the pike. However, in the quaternary stanza the poet admits that the jaws hooked clamp and fangs are not to be changed at this date and this marks a turning point in the poem, with the mood changing to in all negative, and finally, fearful, with the simile as a vice locks and talking of iron instrument and, explicitly, death.By the ninth stanza the poet says directly that he is afraid, I dared not whorl. He describes also the hair frozen on my head and the sensation of someth ing that rose slowly toward me, watching, he presents this as a dream, but the deliver conveyed to the reader is more of a nightmare. The poets feeling of fear is highlighted by his description of the dark pond coupled with the repetition of darkness.Essay on Pike by Ted HughesThe poem Pike describes the fish of the same name and the poets feelings about them, fishing and the brutality of some little ones he had as pets, which later grew out of control, indeed they spare nobody. The poem seems to be about nature, ponds and lily pads, but this is not a truly pastoral poem as it is not only about the beauty and innocence of nature the tone is dark, deep as England and even terrifying, the hair frozen on my head for what might move. The structure of the poem seems regular each verse has four lines.However, the line length, though at first it looks regular, is in fact irregular, ranging from five syllables to thirteen syllables. This difference adds to the uneasy tone of the poem, crea ting an aural sensation of something hiding within the longer lines, mirroring the way in which the pike lurks under the water?s surface, logged on last year?s black leaves, watching upwards. The first two stanzas finish with a full stop, which creates the sensation of control control.This suggests that the poet has control of the dangerous fish, killers from the egg, at this stage, when the pike he describes are three inches long, perfect. However, by the fifth stanza, when the poet retells his anecdote about the pike we kept behind glass, at first there are three, then suddenly there were two and finally one, (as it has eaten the others), and this ruthless, cannibal fish, unlike any traditional pet, moves directly into the next stanza, with a sag belly and the grin it was born with.In this next stanza, the sixth, the poet warns the reader that the pike spare nobody. The fish?s brutality is echoed by the poem?s form at this point the vicious pike has dominated the fish tank and no w dominates the poem, refusing to follow the previous, neat form and escapes from one stanza to the next.Later in the poem the stanzas continue to run seamlessly into each other with enjambement, dead in the willow-herb- one jammed past its gills down the other?s gullet, implying that the poet is losing control of the carnivorous fish and its submarine delicacy and horror. This is a rather long poem, with eleven stanzas, and the poet uses the extended description that runs throughout the whole poem, to emphasise the size of the pike six pounds each, over two feet long and their old age, thereby evoking his sense of being in awe of the fish?s submarine delicacy and horror.This poem focuses on the pike, describing them in close detail, green tigering the gold, and only in the fifth person does the poet introduce the first person, we, (and in the eighth stanza, I). However, from the start, the poet?s choice of language makes clear his feelings about the fish he shows awe through the us e of positive language such as perfect, and gold and emerald, which have connotations of precious wealth.He describes pike as stunned by their own grandeur, implying that he thinks the fish are self-aware and even arrogant, his use of the verb stunned here is almost personification, as if the poet thinks the fish can have the same self-awareness as a human. On the other hand, positive language such as dance and grandeur is juxtaposed against an underlying mood of darkness and evil, which enters the poem in its third line when the fish are presented as killers from the egg and malevolent.Therefore in the first three stanzas, the poet?s attitude is contrasting, seeing both delicacy and horror in the pike. However, in the fourth stanza the poet admits that the jaws? hooked clamp and fangs are not to be changed at this date and this marks a turning point in the poem, with the mood changing to wholly negative, and finally, fearful, with the simile as a vice locks and talking of iron inst rument and, explicitly, death.By the ninth stanza the poet says directly that he is afraid, I dared not cast. He describes also the hair frozen on my head and the sensation of something that rose slowly toward me, watching, he presents this as a dream, but the experience conveyed to the reader is more of a nightmare. The poet?s feeling of fear is highlighted by his description of the dark pond coupled with the repetition of darkness.

Patriotism in India

By patriotism we mean genuine love for ones own country. patriotism must not be misinterpreted as ones hatred for other countries. If one loves his own country and hates other countries, then it is nationalism rather than patriotism. Mother and the country of origin are superior to the heaven. We do never lose our honour for our mother even if she does not love us. Similarly we respect our country in altogether situations. We are indebted to our motherland where we are born and brought up.It is our moral duty to keep her head high. Patriotism is a virtue which can be expressed in different ways. A straight patriot tries to do something for the development of his country. When Abraham Lincoln was a child he noticed the misery of the slaves in America. He resemblingd America but did not like the slavery system. So when he became the President of America he abolished the ugly system and established democracy. Thus, he did some noble thing to keep up the prestige of his country.So h e is a true patriot. India is also proud of being the motherland of great patriots like Rana Pratap, Shivaji, M. K. Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, Subhas Chandra Bose. History is full of praise for these figures. They dedicated themselves to the cause of their dear motherland. M. K. Gandhi gave up his personal interest and struggled for the interest of our country. Nelson Mandela of South Africa is also a true patriot. A patriot is different from a politician.A politician shows no genuine love for any idea or for his country. Of course, patriots often indulge in politics. and they do not play dirty politics. Today, many touts and politicians cl object lens that they are patriots. But in their activities they are antinational. They give secret shelter to terrorists. Their main aim is to reap some selfish gain for themselves. A true patriot never advertises. Patriotism is much different from narrowness.

English Macbeth coursework Essay

Is the superhuman wholly liable for the tragedy that occurs or is Macbeth fat altogethery flawed and responsible for his own heinous crimes?It is my contention that all of the central char work oners have round integral part to play in the tragedy that occurs. Each have several(prenominal) function in the heinous crimes, and hence one individual crowd out non be held completely responsible for the tide ripshed that occurs.William Shakespe be was born in April 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon. His father was named bum Shakespeare he was originally a glove maker before eventually becoming a politician. His mother, Mary Arden, belonged to the ranks of high society, being from a wealthy family, she later inherited a great deal of money and farmland. Shakespeare was the third child born to the couple, but was the first to survive. The Shakespeares went on to have four children, Gilbert, Richard, Joan and Mary.Shakespeares family was quite wealthy, and when Shakespeare was four, his fat her was established as High Bailiff of Stratford. Shakespeares first school was Petty school and when he was seven, it is believed that he went to the local grammar school until at the age of twelve, when he left to help his father who had run into financial trouble. At the age of eighteen, Shakespeare met Anne Hathaway who was the daughter of a local farmer. She was twenty-six. They married in November 1582 and in May 1583 gave birth to their first child Susanna, she was followed two years later by twins Hamnet and Judith. Shortly after this, Shakespeare left Stratford, leaving his family behind.Sometime in the midst of 1585 and 1592, Shakespeare arrived in London and found a job in the theatre. He began to act and write a variety of plays and they were hugely popular, though many considered him to be intellectually insecure accustomed that he was non university educated. In 1956, sadly teenage Hamnet died. By the age of 33, Shakespeare was ma index vast amounts of money and ha d been propelled to success, thus gaining region wide fame. He bought the second biggest house in Stratford, lots of land and a share in Londons finest theatre, The Globe.When James 1 became king he displayed a huge interest in the theatre given that he was patron of the arts. He posted Shakespeares company to substitute their name to the moguls Men. In June 1613, Shakespeares play Henry V111 was put on at The Globe. During the play, a stretch forth shank shot out a burning ball of paper, which landed on the thatched roof of the theatre. The whole building caught fire and within an hour it had burnt to the ground. later this, Shakespeare decided to retire and move back to Stratford. He was forty-nine and had written thirty-seven plays. He died on the 23rd of April 1616 at the age of fifty-two. He was inhumed two days later in Holy Trinity Church in Stratford.Macbeth was an old Scottish legend and according to the Holinsheds chronicles of England, Scotland and Wales, Macbeth became king of Scotland in 1040 after having defeated an inadequate, wonky and youthful leader. Shakespeares Dun tramp was much older and demanded respect from Thanes his murders were much heinous in the dramatic interpretation. The historical Macbeth reigned as king for 17 years. James 1, formerly a ruler in Scotland, was the eighth descendant of the Banquo-Fleance draw and because of this Shakespeare presented Banquo in a more than than(prenominal) honourable light than the historical Banquo actually was.James 1 was intrigued and terrified by entrancecraft. In 1597, he produced a book called Daemonolougie, which acted as a guide to recognise and defeat mesmeri oertakes. King James believed that he had encountered witches and claimed common chord witches had raised a storm in request to drown him on his wedding trip. He believed that his encounter was real and tierce women were consequently remove after they admitted sailing in a sieve to sink the ship. However, Shakes peare presented this encounter in conduct one scene triplet. During this century, it is estimated that between 4,500 and 8,000 women were ruined for supposedly practising witchcraft. The king even passed a law proclaiming death to anyone who was aspect to be searching in the dark forces. Shakespeare use the idea of witchcraft, kingship and moral order to develop the play, as these tooth roots were greatly admired by a Jacobean audience.The play is extremely dramatic in its depiction of the corruption of natural order and raw pipe dream. It starts with the collar strange witches meeting on an empty heath. King Dun flock wins a great battle and Macbeth moves a hero. Furthermore, Macbeth and Banquo meet the witches. They predict that Macbeth will be the Thane of Cawdor and later King. The prophetic hags first prophecy comes true and Macbeth does become Thane of Cawdor. Macbeth writes to peeress Macbeth telling her what the witches said. In an ambitious move the hubby and marr ied woman plot to kill King Dun gage.When Duncan comes to stay at Macbeths cast awayle, gentlewoman Macbeth persuades Macbeth to go ahead with the murder and grudgingly he does. Malcolm and Donaldblain, sons of Duncan, escape to England and Macbeth is crowned King. However, Macbeth does not trust Banquo and has him off, but when Macbeth has a feast, Banquos ghost appears. Hence, Macbeth resolves to revisit the witches and he sees strange apparitions, meanwhile, Macduffs wife and children are murdered by order of Macbeth. skirt Macbeth then becomes insane and dies. The castle is attacked, Macbeth is killed and Malcolm is proclaimed King. iodine lone character cannot be solely to convict for this tragedy, all of the central characters should be apportioned close to blame.Macbeth is a brave and noble soldier who fought heroically for King Duncan. nonpareil would not suspect him of pre-mediated murder. Therefore, the witches moldiness have had the ability to corrupt, manipulate a nd shape his take care.Macbeth must sure be apportioned some blame as every man is in comprise of his own destiny. The witches never specifically told him to kill, they merely workings a suggestion. Macbeth obviously had ambition, which was sparked from the beginning. The witches alone helped to spark this ambition and then worked to keep it alight. He acts along with the help of brothel keeper Macbeth. She manipulates and supports his monstrous deeds. Macbeth had the billet to reject the witchs suggestions and allow nature to take its course, this is evident, as he was able to control hundreds of soldiers in battle and give orders. He was not a weak and challenged man man. Macbeth was on the contrary selfish and power hungry. He let his greed influence him.Loves for his own ends, not for youHowever, one can reason that Macbeth was not always in control. He is said to be in a rapturous posit and one whethers this has anything to do with the elemental forces or his over s exual, artful wife. Even so, he may be possessed but he is in control of himself as the dialogue suggests, tour you imperfect speakers tell me moreIn addition, his tone changes as he gains confidence and he becomes aggressive. This suggests that he is in control and can make up his own decisions.However, there are reflective moments when he reflects on his actions and decides once against murder.If chance will have me king, why chance may crown me/without my stirHowever, this way of gestateing is soon non-existent in the second act. Macbeth would be viewed as a hero if he made his own judgement and resisted the temptation.Lady Macbeth is also marginally to blame. She is introduced when she reads Macbeths letter. She is pushed, pressurised, manipulated and calculated the pre-meditated murder. She is ruling and dear to Macbeth and takes full advantage of this. However, we would not expect a woman to rein such power, as this would have been unlikely given the period. Without her ca joling, Macbeth may never have gone through with the first murder. She took control and handled the murders as an unsexed entity. It seems that Lady Macbeth may have been connected with the magic before, as she calls out to diabolical spirits.unsex me hereLady Macbeth could be considered a witch according to the standards of Shakespeares day. She subverts the order of the sexes and the usual family hierarchy by trying to assume more power than the head of the family, her husband. She does appear to have more power over him, as she challenges his manhood so he will commit the murder of Duncan.And live a coward in thine own esteemShe uses sexual nitty-gritty to control her puppet like husband and entrances him thus she is like a witch.By challenge her husbands manhood, she is making him mentally impotent nevertheless in the same way pleading for herself to become an unsexed entity, on an equal power with her husband given his impotent and fragile state, if anything Lady Macbeth is more aggressive in this strange role reversal. This is highlighted in the following quotation,When you durst do it, then you were a manShe does not follow the typical role of the wife she transforms the social order and thus becomes the pinnacle of the family and her alliance with the dark forces becomes dubious, the detail that she works with the weird sisters to influence Macbeth suggests that she is at least indirectly allied with them. Though it can be said that, Lady Macbeth retains her mortal form and temporal powers she has simply touched on the implanted ambitions and greed that were already present in him.Although Lady Macbeth coserts her power and dominance over her weak, in printingual husband, the elemental forces also corrupt the impotent Macbeth. She also encourages Macbeth to become more confident and assertive and tempt him into using his ambition for his own gains. Without this guidance and the corrupt suggestions, Macbeth would probably have never acted on his impulses and desire for power. The witches cast spells and generate apparitions and thus drive his hunger for power and dominance.The withches intentionally taunt him by making him believe that he is in control, they change their tone and act subservient towards him,speak, demand, well performWe are also more prone to condemning them more as we learn the grotesque content of their cauldron,pour in puts blood that hath eaten her nine farrowThese ingredients sound equally gruesome to Macbeth, yet this is overshadowed by the vague, riddled promises that they make,for none of woman born shall harm MacbethThey continually meddle in his life and one could question whether they had anything to do with the hallucinations.Most of the play is written in blank verse, which resembles the natural rhythm of spoken English. The dustup flows in this form, certain syllables are stressed and there is a lack of end rhyme. However, this rhythm is disturbed when the weird witches are present in the scene.The linguistic communication and verse is varied, with the witches and present. The verse is much choppier and sharper. Shakespeare also used rhyming couplets, which is particularly applicable for use in the witch scenes, as riddled rhyming couplets grow the devious and corrupt nature of the witches. The vocabulary is archaic and typical of Elizabeth style. The language devices Shakespeare used are abundant he uses figurative language, aural imagery, patterned sound, dodging, biblical illusions, symbolism and personification. locomote 1 pic 1 opens with thunder and lightening. We establish that this scene could be evil as the weather suggests this. Hence Shakespeare has used pathetic fallacy to enhance atmosphere. It was believed that in superstitious time those fierce storms were omens of unrest in individual people and whole countries. The fact that the witches open the plays shows the theme of other servicemanly is integral to the play. Shakespeare used the weird wi tches to open the play to show that evil will taunt Macbeth and will influence what happens in the play.The unearthly creatures blabber of the battle being,lost and won.This equivocation shows the witches have the power of prediction and that they have also been anticipating the fight for Macbeths soul.The witches actively seek to meet up with Macbeth this portrays their meddling side to the audience.there to meet MacbethThe prophetic hags establish a link with the talismanic by calling their acquainted(predicate)s. Their familiars were supposedly given to them from Satan to help with sorcery.I come GreymalkinThe witches riddled phrases denote the confusion that will occur. Their ambiguous language addresses that things arent always as they seem.fair is foul and foul is fairThis line is an analogy for the deceptive facade of Lady Macbeth. The witches Exeunt by hovering through the air and by doing this they are symbolically linked with the supernatural.From analysing the evidence in this scene, one can assume that the blame is directed to the witches, as they are meddling in Macbeths affairs and are being associated with evil.Act 1 scene 3 also opens with thunder. It shows the extreme nature of the prophetic hags. Their meeting place, the heath, is symbolic of the barren and empty nature of the witches.blasted heathThe fact the witches meet again reinforces the idea of sisterhood and coven,where hast thou been, sister? one witch has been a gruesomely killing swine. This is a ritual killing for evil purposes. Another witch relates how a sailors wife denied her food, so decides to attack the sailor. It was superstition that if you denied a witch food then the witch would take steps to retaliate you.The dramatist uses a strong metaphor here, which creates imagery,Aroint thee witch the rump-fed renyon criesThe witch turned herself into a rat and sailed in a sieve to corrupt the sailors ship. There is a symbolic suggestion in the word rat that they are cunning and manipulative. Furthermore, the fact she turns herself into a rat indicates her lower status compared to her familiar. Therefore, her familiar is a lot more powerful than she is, as it is a cat.The witches are very civil to each other, which makes us question whether they really are as such evil,Th art kindMoreover, they speak in rhyming couplets this increases the notion of incantation and makes their riddles more complex. The first witch produces a human thumb. This implies that she has used her fast one for evil.Macbeth is announced with a symbolic drum. His future is told within a drumroll. Death. Macbeths opening words directly associate him with evil.So fair and foul a day I have not seenIt is in reference to an earlier quote that the unearthly creatures spoke. This links his destiny with the witches and evil. Macbeth speaks with an important, unsure and hesitant tone and the eldritch Sisters prophesise that Macbeth will be Thane of Cawdor and King hereafter. This is what sparks ambitions. Banquo seems jealous but regulates Macbeth,Seems rapt withalHe is in a trance and he may be possessed at this point, perhaps under the control of the supernatural. Banquo already recognises the witches to be unnatural and strange and is very vivid in his description of them.So withered, and so wild in their attire, That look not like th inhabitants o th earthIn addition, Banquo may also be suggesting that Macbeth is greedy and expectant. spill the beans then to me, who neither beg nor fear your favours or your hateEven in his rapt state, Macbeth is passive coherent enough to demand to k at present more. and so he is in control of himself enough to absorb the information and calculate his actions. His tone becomes more commanding and demanding, hence Macbeth is capable of making his own decisions.Stay you imperfect speakers tell me moreMacbeth feels powerful after having been victorious in battle. Macbeth is sadly deluded that he can control the elemental forces , which have succeeded in unveil his raw ambition.One Macbeth learns he has been made Thane of Cawdor, Banquo says,What can the devil speak trueThis suggests that evil is at work,One must recognise that the witches never suggested murdering Duncan and it is requirement to balance the evidence and make appropriate decisions. We learn of the Weird Sisters connection with evil and of their provoking and meddling, yet they never tell Macbeth to do anything they merely suggest. It is imbibe that Macbeth is showing his true colours by the end of the scene and is in complete control of his actions. One can reason that he is in rapt state, but after we are given this impression, there is also contrary evidence provided to suggest that he is in fact in control of his actions. The tone actively changes, commanding and directing.In Act 1 scene 5, Macbeth has sent Lady Macbeth a letter and the first thing Macbeth writes about is the witches. Shakespeare is insinuating that the supernatural has a central role within the play.Macbeth writes,while I stood rapt in wonder of itWe once again question whether he was possessed and can be held responsible for his actions. Macbeth calls Lady Macbeth,my dearest partner of greatnessThis suggests they have a good relationship and usually work together in partnership. Macbeth is apprised that he may not have enough ambition.That thou mightst not lose the dues of rejoicing by being ignorant of what greatness is promised theeMacbeth is leaving the decisive action up to Lady Macbeth and hence is giving her freedom of choice.Lay it to thy heart and farewellLady Macbeth realises that Macbeth is,too full o th draw of human kindnessLady Macbeth feels responsible for what happens so is plotting and planning for him.Yet do I fear thy natureLady Macbeth reveals her thoughts about witchcraft and the supernatural by calling on evil spirits.come you spirits that tend on mortal thoughtsOne can assume that she has been embroiled in the superna tural before. She calls on the spirits to change her into a unpitying human being. To take away her soft feminine qualities so that she can assist her ambitious husband who lacks the evil he will need.unsex me here after(prenominal) critically examining the evidence in this scene, one can point the finger of blame towards Lady Macbeth who calls on evil spirits so she can assist her husband. She is already planning and plotting murder. One can immediately connect her with the supernatural and evil.In Act 1 Scene 7, Macbeth starts to change his mind about the murder,hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been, so clear in his great officeIn contrast, Lady Macbeth shows optimum aptitude in this scene. She undermines Macbeth and challenges his manhood.And live a coward in thine own esteemLady Macbeth plots and plans the murder of Duncan. All her actions are pre mediated, which implies that she is a cold heartless killer,When Duncan is asleep whereto the kind of shall his days hard jo urney soundly invite him-his two chamberlains. Will I with wine and wassail so convince, that memory, the warder of the brain, shall be a fume, and the recognize of reason a limbeck only when in swinish sleep their drenched natures lie as in deathShe is so cunning and conniving that she has thought everything through.his spongy officers, who shall bear guilt tripWe are reminded of the earlier quotation,fair is foul and foul is fairIt seems to be unfolding like a prophecy.There should be equilibrium in apportioning blame in this scene as Macbeth, though deciding against the murder, was convinced very quickly to go through with it. If he really hadnt wanted to go through with the murder he would have put up a bit more resistance. One can reason that Lady Macbeth has a very strong influence over him and she knows how to use it to her advantage, especially in this scene as she challenges his manhood and has a conservatively thought out plan. One could question whether she is inheren tly evil or whether Macbeth really had any other choice.In Act 2 Scene 1, Banquo is ineffective to sleep, as he is uncomfortable in the presence of evil thoughts.Merciful powers, restrain in me the cursed thoughts that nature gives way to in reposeMacbeth denies his affaire with the unearthly creatures. He is very careful to hide his guilt in murdering Duncan. This is the turning point for Macbeth he is becoming more and more empowered,I think not of themMacbeth believes he sees a dagger in front of him. This could be a sign of his need to muster his courage, hence he intentionally visualises his evil swaying. This could also be the work of the supernatural. The word dagger reminds us of the unnatural predictions,That summens there to heaven or to hellThis soliloquy reveals Macbeths abnormal state of mind. It also reminds one of the unnatural witches who are products of hell. He believes he is becoming stronger, but teetotalally he is becoming weaker, as he is more and more distu rbed as a result of the supernatural.One can use the evidence shown in this scene to appoint the blame to Macbeth as now he is denying any involvement with the witches and lying to his own friends as the supernatural is taking a hold of him. One could question his sanity as he sees a dagger, or one could reason that this is the supernatural meddling and taunting Macbeth.In Act 2 Scene 2, Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are becoming more weak minded as they are beginning to realise what they have done in order to get what they want. Lady Macbeth jumps at the sound of an owl. This suggests that she is becoming delicate minded and is extremely anxious.Hark PeaceOther signs of the pair frail mindness are that Lady Macbeth pleads with her husband not to go insane, which is ironic as this happens to her, and that Macbeth cant brush the blood from his hands.No, this my hand will rather the multitudnous seas incarnadine, making the green one redHe cant literally wash the blood from his hands a nd also metaphorically he cant wash away the guilt of what he has done from his blackened soul.For all Lady Macbeths evil words she still has some sort of conscience, as she cant commit the murder herself. She is not as evil as she would like and maybe the evil spirits didnt remove all of her soft gentle side.Macbeth is remorseful, but Lady Macbeth has achieved her desires. She is adamant that the dead cant exact revenge. If anything she has been influenced and manipulated by the supernatural.the sleeping and the dead are but as pictures. Tis the eye of childhood that fears a painted devilIn this scene we see that Macbeth is regretting his devious actions, yet this passes very quickly. Lady Macbeth shows very gnomish regret or remorse. One can reason that she couldnt commit the murder herself so she cant be all evil. Both are becoming weakened and anxious. Macbeth cant return the daggers and is initially ashamed of himself.In Act 3 Scene 1, Macbeth has become more powerful. He has not yet converged with the witches, so we can assume that they havent complete power over him in this scene. Lady Macbeth and his own greed now directly influence everything he does. Macbeth has Banquo murdered, but it is his own madness that drove him to do it. He is now more in control of his destiny.I will put that business in your bosoms whose execution takes your enemy offHe is level headed and cunningly instructs the murderers to plant themselves away from the palace.I will advise you where to plant yourselves.something from the palaceMacbeth gives the murderers reasons to kill Banquo, claiming that Banquo had held themunder fortuneThis portrays his intelligence, but also emphasises his evil side.Macbeth is very clear in what he must do to secure the thrown without challenge.We have scorched the snake but have not scorned itThis implies that there are more murders to come. Macbeth is not troubled by the murders he has committed. He is more worried that Fleance escaped. From th is we can establish that he has little or no conscience.Fool of scorpions of my mind dear wife thou knowst that Banquo and his Fleance livesOne must recognise that neither the supernatural nor Lady Macbeth had anything to do with the murders of Banquo or Fleance, yet Macbeth now uses a style not unlike the style Lady Macbeth had used on him. One could say that her influence has not left him unmarked and she still has some sort of control over him, though it is mostly his own greed that is spurring him on to commit these heinous acts.In Act 3 Scene 4, Macbeth is becoming increasingly cruel in his manner and shows no remorse in his friends death.Tis better thee without than he withinHe is referring to the blood on the murderers face.Macbeth is upset that Fleance has escaped because it jeopardises his plans and he realises that he can still feel fear.But now I am cabined, cribbed, confined.Shakespeare uses initial rhyme in this scene for dramatic effect, it emphasises that Macbeth is trapped, desperate and afraid. The use of the c consonant is particularly effective since c is a hard consonant. The sharp sound elicited by this letter emphasises Macbeths fear. He also uses rule of three for literary effect moreover, there is a great association with the number three and magic. The dramatist is once drawing us back into the supernatural and highlighting the fundamental importance of the role of the prophetic hags.There the grown serpent lies, the squirm thats fledThis is an evocative metaphor used to describe Fleance. By calling him a serpent, Shakespeare is inferring that Macbeth sees him as devious, sneaky and sly.Macbeth sees an apparition of the deceased Banquo. We must question whether this is guilt or the supernatural meddling again.Which of you have done this?This is what we call an asside or soliloquy. A private moment where the character shares his thoughts with the audience. Lady Macbeth refers to Macbeth as a woman. It is ironic that Lady Macbeth feel s so superior at this time, because shortly she becomes insane yet here she is perfectly sane.Macbeth reveals his evil intentions by explaining,we are yet but young in deedAt the end of this scene Macbeth concludes that he will visit the Weird sisters (witches). His reliance on the supernatural is necessary to stifle his fear. One must recognise that he goes to the supernatural and not the other way about. Therefore, we blame Macbeth for going to the prophetic hags.Act 3 Scene 5 includes Hectate who is the absolute witch. This scene involves her scolding the witches for not involving her. This scene incriminates the witches which makes them responsible.How did you dare to trade and traffic with Macbeth in riddles and affairs of deathHectate also apportions some of the responsibility to Macbeth and believes the witches are waste their time.Loves for his own ends, not for youThe witches know Macbeth is coming to them and they will,draw him on to his confusionthus adding to the super naturals already existing evil.The inclusion of this scene means that the metaphorical finger is pointed at the Weird Sisters. However, most editors do not consider this scene to be written by Shakespeare. Therefore, this scene should not be included when considering the evidence. If it were, it would suggest that the elemental forces were to blame the whole way through the play.In Act 4 Scene 1, the witches are involved in a ritual, making a concoction for Macbeth to drink. They will be instruments of his doom. There is similar assonance present, to emphasise the riddled and confused nature of their speech and hence to overstate the idea that these are unnatural creatures.chaudron.cauldronThe way they chant together reveals their sisterhood. The prophecies they reveal are that Macbeth must be cautious of Macduff (thane of fife Nemises/avenger to Macbeth not born of a women) he will only be defeated when Birnham Wood moves to Dunsinane and that no man born from a mothers womb can e ver harm Macbeth. These predictions though extremely ambiguous, are riddled prophecies of Macbeths future. They only tell half-truths but they are also double meanings. Macbeth longs to feel secure.Double double, toil and troubleThis enhances the fact that the meanings are going to be double edged. The incantation reveals the turmoil that lies ahead.Macbeths tone is demanding and he thinks he has the power to control the witches when he most certainly doesnt.I conjure you, by that which you professThe witches recognise this and use it to their advantage by making Macbeth feel that he is in control by saying,speak, demand, well answerThey are now purposely taunting him and acting in a subservient way and their tone has changed. They lure him into a false sense of security.say if thoudst rather hear it from our moths or from our mastersMacbeth has become a puppet for the instruments of darkness. He has become conceited and believes he is untouchable. The prophetic hags have influenced and shape him by implanting thoughts of grandeur into his head and extracting his ambition. He misinterprets the prophecies and still he isnt satisfied.Yet my heart throbs to know one thingWe condemn the witches more so because of the ingredients they put in their cauldron are foul, grotesque and inappropriate in the extreme,Finger of birth strangled babeYet Macbeth decides to murder all related to Macduff. The killing of these innocents is perhaps his most evil act. It cant be condoned, as they have nothing to do with the situation. Macbeth says,From this moment, the very firstlings of my heart shall be, the firstlings of my handFor this evil deed we blame him in this scene, as the witches never said anything about killing Macduffs family. This is completely of his own accord.In Act 4 Scene 3, Malcolm (son of Duncan and prince of Cumberland) tests Macduff and when it is clear that they are both loyal and good, they plan whats to be done.Macbeth has been energized by the witches a nd goes on a killing spree, murdering Lady Macduff and her son.He has killed me mother once Malcolm and Macduff learn of the slaughter of Macduffs family they are clear that Macbeth must be stopped immediately. They invite assistance from,the powers of above,Or the heavens to overthrow the tyrant. This suggests that the supernatural world can be fair as well as foul. This reminds us of the former equivocation, which is the central coda of the play.Macbeth is crazed by murder. His actions are now gratuitous, as he is hungry for murder. He was once subservient to the supernatural and now he is a transformed insane. He was once empowered by them and now is obsessed and insane. After analysing the evidence from this scene it is clear that Macbeth should be blamed and one must also recognise that there is evidence to show that the supernatural is not all bad.In Act 5 Scene 1, Lady Macbeth becomes completely crazed. Firstly she sleepwalks. Lady Macbeth hallucinates that she has blood on her hands, has sin on her soul. show up damned spot, out I say. Hell is murkywill these hands neer be clean?This juxtaposes what she has said previously.A little water should cleanse me of these deedsIt is clear that her conscience troubles her and one must recognise that she is not wholly evil.In Act 5 Scene 3, Macbeth is still on a mission for power and will not go down without a fight.Ill fight until from my bones my flesh be hacked. sanctify me my armourThis image is gruesome and unwholesome and it reminds us of the witches and their evil deeds. His choice of language leads us to believe that his encounters with the weird witches had some sick satanic effect on him.His frustration is apparent and he is cruel towards the servant, but this is understandable as he is faced with the risk of battle. He also invites some bounty when he admits,my way of life has fallen into the searYet he musters some confidence at the end and one could recognise that he brought this all on himself.I n Act 5 Scene 5, we see the death of Lady Macbeth. She commits suicide, as her evil deeds were too hard to live with. One can recognise that she is not all evil, but merely weak and that she could not live with what she had done. Macbeth seems too far-gone in his evil ways to feel real fear.At the end of scene five Macbeth begins to question the moral fibre of the witches.I pull in resolution and begin to doubt th equivocation of the fieldEven on the stake he ponders over how he could be killed when the witches promise differently.Whats he that was not born of a womanHe still stupidly believes in what he was told. He has been duped as Macduff was, from his mothers womb untimely rippedMacbeth still shouts orders and damns others, yet ironically, it is he that is damned.After critically studying the evidence of that scene we blame Macbeth, as he is evil right to the very end and still obsessed with the supernatural and what the witches have told him.After close critical analysis it is my view that responsibility is swayed in each scene, yet on the whole each party are equally to blame for the bloodshed. There is sufficient evidence to imply that each party had a vital function in the outcome. Macbeth was not wholly responsible for the outcomes of the play, yet he is partly to blame for murdering for his own gains. It is obvious that sometimes he is said to be in a rapt state and one could question whether he had been possessed by the Weird witches. However, even in his rapt state he still seems to be in control of himself. Macbeth never actually calls the three women witches, only weird sisters or prophetic hags thus one must question whether they actually have any power or only the power of suggestion. They never actually instruct Macbeth to murder anyone, yet they alongside Lady Macbeth work to water the seed of ambition.Fate may have intended Macbeth to snap up the throne the witches may just have been instruments to support this notion and provide Macbeth with guidance. The prophetic hags tempt Macbeth into using his ambition for his own gains and they have knowledge that Lady Macbeth is a power hungry woman who will aid Macbeth. One must assume that they too are evil as they cast spells, provide apparitions and implant notions of power and grandeur. Furthermore, the spells they cast are extreme and the ingredients are highly inappropriate, this further denounces the witches.finger of birth strangle babeIn Jacobean times spells were thought to be powerful concoctions brewed for evil purposes. The witches encourage Macbeth to become more confident and assertive and Macbeth is linked with them from the start. He is linked through his phrasing and they rebuke of him before they are even introduced hence one could say that it is their primary intent to corrupt Macbeth.There to meet with MacbethMacbeth allows himself be corrupted and is easily lead. His ambition was already there the witches simply helped it grow. They cannot be held co mpletely accountable as they only fuel and drive his ambition.Lady Macbeth must also be partly blamed for the outcome. She pushed, pressurised and coldly planned the murder of Duncan. She took control and handled the murders as unsexed entity. If not for her, Macbeth may never have murdered Duncan and if he had never murdered Duncan then he would never have got a taste for power or greed. It was only when he first murdered that his hunger escalated and he became operate by greed and ambition. Though one may assume that she is not all evil, as she could not live with herself for the crimes she had committed and became insane.Some critics insist that Macbeth was tricked, cajoled, tempted and manoeuvre by the supernatural forces and hence he is not to blame. However, it is my interpretation that the Weird Sisters did tempt, taunt and tease him. They sparked his ambition, but that ambition already lay within Macbeth the witches simply brought in to the surface. Had the unearthly creat ures not have done this one could argue Macbeth would never have thought of killing Duncan. Yet this is only a presumption.One must clearly recognise that witches under any circumstances told Macbeth to murder. Had Lady Macbeth not tackled and challenged Macbeths manhood, one could argue Macbeth may never have murdered Duncan or become embroiled in future murders. Yet it is clear that though in the early stages Lady Macbeth and the supernatural influenced Macbeth, he became a murdering lunatic all of his own accord and was in control of what he was doing. He chose his destiny and killed innocents without any influence from anyone except the influence of his own greed and desire. Macbeth is insatiable, ruthless and domineering. Yet none of the guilty parties are blameless. All three caused the tragedy and only with all three present could the tragedy have been caused.All three parties are portrayed with blame, the tragedy is more satisfying. A seventeenth century audience would have believed, Macbeth was not fully responsible, because witches were prevalent within their society yet a modern day audience would blame Macbeth fully, as they would contemplate that he had no excuse. She believes that it is easier to surface some pity for Macbeth when he is not the only one to blame but part of a triangle of guilt.In my opinion, it is easier to muster sympathy for a person who is not entirely to blame for their actions in the case of Macbeth, the tragedy is more successful if the popular seventeenth century mentality is adopted, and thereby the witches and Lady Macbeth are made partly to blame for his downfall.

Competency in Information and Technology Literacy Essay

The dynamic changes in information technology has advocated for nurses highly qualified in nursing informatics. This paper discusses some barricades allied to the employment of necessary Nursing Informatics competencies into undergraduate nursing websites. Introduction Information Literacy is the set of skills needed to stop, repossess, evaluate, and use information. The Changes in information technology have led to refreshful changes in the way nurses operate on patients. These nurses have to undergo various competencies. This paper discusses the changes and the required competencies.Discussion Information literacy is important in the nursing researches and possible working with the nursing informatics equipment. It is not just for students to name but for practicing nurses and other healthcare practitioners as well. The act of nursing in which the nurse makes medical exam decisions based on the best existing research proof, his or her own clinical expertise, and the needs an d inclinations of the patient is referred to as evident based nursing. The nurses should learn to practice Information system to design and maintain their healthcare information.For instance, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistant or Patient Data) could allow nursing scholars to access various decision behave systems that would offer them with professional guidance relating to specific care and treatment matters at their patients bedsides. There are various sources where one can learn rough information literacy and find ideas about relationship between them. These include the website, libraries, journals, electronic full-text for nursing, that is, books, journals, virtual libraries, other articles and databases.To evaluating a website containing medical records, determine the website goal discover the website objectives website content description, evaluation questions, sources of evaluation data, methods of data collection. The steps performed are performed systematically. First and fo remost, find out if the results have been reproduced in other research laboratory or by other scholars. Next step involves an attempt to conclude the studys credibility.Look keenly at the material of study that is, if investigators essentially analyze two sets of topics or did they just make bservations? If a control was used were the group results comparable? Evaluate the criteria used to conclude this study. Consider the modification and duration of the study. The next step is to look at the conclusions. Consider if they are warranted by the evidence. If one cant find useful solutions in the website, then it is date to address some questions like does one have to take illegalized results? How does one know that the product in question is the right one? If the product is or could be the right one, then, what guarantees this?Moreover one must to know more information on the product. Any information that is relevant should be taken into account. If the soulfulness still decides t o take the product, he or she should be sure to tell the doctor who can make observation on the side effect about the product. Conclusion Nursing informatics is very important in todays dynamic technological application. It is very important for nursing professionals to have the knowledge of nursing informatics as this will help them to participate fully in the technology enabled nursing.

Mexican Culture

Mexican Culture Interpersonal Communication 102 February 17, 2013 There ar many different cultures rough the world. The Mexican Culture is one that is expanding rapidly in the United States. Although the Mexican Culture is expanding it is precise different from the American Culture. The Mexican Culture is a gritty masculine culture. There are similarities within the American Culture and the Mexican Culture, but also many differences. I was able to spend time with my approaching step brother-in-law on his daughters 1st birthday.Although I take aim went to family functions that he has tended to(p) as well, I did not know him. He typic solelyy only speaks Spanish unless he responds directly to a question in English. I was able to learn a lot about Sabino, and his culture. Without this assignment I feel I would not have grown to appreciate Sabino and the Mexican culture. In fact if not for this assignment I would not have attended Evelyns, Sabinos daughter, first birthday festivi ty. Evelyns birthday party was not exactly what I expected. No one sing the traditional American glad Birthday song.Instead a song called Las Mananitas is sung. Sabino informed me that the lyrics do not translate into Happy Birthday. The song is Estas son las mananitas, que cantaba el Rey David,? Hoy por ser dia de tu santo, te las cantamos a ti,? Despierta, Evelyn, despierta, mira que ya amanecio,? Ya los pajarillos cantan, la luna ya se metio. Que linda esta la manana en que vengo a saludarte,? Venimos todos con gusto y placer a felicitarte,? Ya viene amaneciendo, ya la luz del dia nos dio,? Levantate de manana, mira que ya amanecio. (S.Xique, personal communication, January 20, 2013). This song is translated into This is the morning song that King David sang? Because today is your saints day were singing it for you? Wake up, Evelyn, wake up, look it is already dawn.? The birds are already singing and the moon has set. How lovely is the morning in which I come to greet you.? We all came with joy and pleasure to congratulate you? The morning is coming now, the sun is giving us its light? Get up in the morning, look it is already dawn. (S. Xique, personal communication, January 20, 2013).This song was not only sung at the party, but this is how they woke Evelyn up that morning. What surprised me the most about this birthday celebration is that it was not just a party for Evelyn, but a party for the entire family. It was a chance for e realone to get together with food and drinks. The adults partied as more as the kids. Everyone pitched in and provided different dishes and beer. It seemed that each mom competed for the scoop dish. I was able to sample tamales and carnitas. I was not brave enough to attempt all of the dishes as I was told some were extremely spicy.At times it was awkward for me as most of the conversations where in Spanish, but I everyone was extremely polite and gracious. Although I did not know many of the people there I felt like part of the family. After observing my future step brother-in-laws family the representation they live is very different than the way one would live in America. Sabinos family is different from my own family and after talking more with Sabino I accomplished he is a very traditional Mexican. One of the biggest differences was his children do not gestate in Santa Claus.They still celebrate Christmas, but do not believe in the reason children receive gifts. This may not be true with all people among the Mexican Culture, but it was for Sabinos side of the family. He give tongue to it is very important for him and his wife and his children, to project that Christmas and Christmas presents are not important, but the reason for the season is extremely important. Sabinos family is devout Catholics and regularly attends mass (S. Xique, personal communication, January 20, 2013). . An obvious major difference is the language between the two cultures (Mukherjee, 2001).The Mexican Culture mainly s peaks Spanish, while the American Culture mostly speaks English. Sabino is able to suit to American way of life and he can speak English, but it is not his best language. He prefers to speak Spanish. He is quiet if people well-nigh him are speaking English, but if he is around others who speak Spanish he chats away. Sabion said he is just more comfortable and can understand things better in his own language. He said that not everything translates the way it is meant to, especially jokes and sarcasm (S.Xique, personal communication, January 20, 2013). While I was observing Sabinos family I was able to learn many different things about their way of life. The Mexican Culture is very kind and loyal (Mukherjee, 2001). Most get married and have families. Sabino said many of his family members and him avoid any kind of confrontation, and do not try to get into any situation that would include disagreement. This would indicate that his culture is noble in uncertainty avoidance. They are v ery sensitive and emotional with everything they do.Members of the Mexican Culture take pride in their work and try to do everything with the best of their ability. Money is not a form of achievement, but they will stride to do everything needed to take criminal maintenance of their families. They are very hard workers, and if they are asked to do something they usually do not hesitate and will complete the task efficiently (Mukherjee, 2001). Sabino regularly sends money back to his sister in Mexico to booster her with her children (S. Xique, personal communication, January 20, 2013). This shows that Sabino is a part of a collectivistic culture.He cares about his family, but he believes that it is important focus on the needs of everyone and not just him and his family here. . Family is very similar in the eyes of the Mexican Culture, and the American Culture it is almost the same. The men usually work and the woman stays at home and takes care of domestic chores and takes care of the children in the home. The Mexican family may not ever separate, and tend to live in the same household together for a very long time(Mukherjee, 2001). Sabino only left his family to start a family with his wife.He told me that some Mexican families never leave from the same house, and even when they start a family of their own, their family will all live together (S. Xique, personal communication, January 20, 2013). References Geert Hofstede, Cultures Consequences Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Second Edition, Thousand Oaks CA Sage Publications, 2001 Mukherjee, B. (2001, September 23). Difference between Mexican and american culture. Retrieved from http//www. buzzle. com/articles/difference-in-mexican-and-

Drone Attack

Drone Attacks Inside Pakistan thither is national consensus on the drones the US must bankrupt its Predators because they kill innocent citizens in collateral damage and increase the pressure on Pakistan Army fighting the Taliban by swelling the ranks of those who fight it for revenge. Outside Pakistan, in that respect is an impression that the drones are being used against the terrorists in Pakistans Tribal Areas under some kind of secret deal between the CIA and Pakistan Army.Another al root word top echelon leader has been killed on January 11in Miranshah in North Waziristan through this alleged coordination. This was said to be Abdullah Khorasani, who is believed to have been playing a get word role in planning the overall strategy of terror acts in Pakistan. The mans real name was AslamAwan, and he was a citizen of Abbottabad, where Osama bin tight was killed last May by US commandos. As per r placeine, the drone attack was effective because it was directed by spotters on g round calling the strike barely on to the victim.The strike ended a 55-day-long pause after the Salalacheckpost attack by American gunships in November 2011. Following this, a foreign news power quoted Pakistani officials who said that thedrones are being operated under an agreed US-Pakistan planwhich remains classified. This cl azoic contradicts the governments reality stance on this issue, which, sort of stridently believes that drones violate Pakistans sovereignty and territorial integrity.The American stance in the past has been that drone attacks had to be carried out without bringing Pakistan into the loop because the Pakistani side tended to pass on the cultivation about the attack to the terrorists who then moved away from the target area. This was understood all over the world in the light of the belief that Pakistan was actually an allowing safe haven to foreigner terrorists in North Waziristan whom it used for attacking inside Afghanistaniistan to retain its stake in the Afghan endgame.The new information including quotes from unnamed Pakistani officials belies much of that. It purports to verify that the Pakistani side was indeed keeping the strikes secret and, instead of passing on the information to the terrorists, was actually helping the CIA target them with spotters on the ground. Given the nature of these revelations, it remains to be seen what the Pakistani militarys response will be to them. ane should understand that the drone attacks have been a success story as far as the US and its allies are concerned.The analysis about the wiping out of al Qaeda and the sharp diminution in its ability to target America and Europe is based on the number of al Qaeda terrorists killed by the drones inside Pakistan. As if to confirm this, a meeting took place between an al Qaeda leader and Mullah Umar in the presence of other commanders in which the al Qaeda representative was quoted as appealing for help for more attacks by allies in Pakistan. Pa kistans wrath against the CIA after the Raymond Davis case in Lahore early 2011 had brought theUS-Pakistan quarrel to a boiling point.Since then, and since the May 2 attack that killed Osama bin Laden, the relationship has been hurtling downhill, ending in Pakistans decision not to attend the Bonn convention on Afghanistan. This would then lead to many arguing that with this all as a backdrop, how Pakistan could possibly be cooperating with the US on the drone attacks. Yet there is logic to the opposite point of view. Pakistan has benefited from the attacks in the sense that some of its most dangerous enemies have been killed by the drones.BaitullahMehsud, the Taliban chief, whose intercepted telephone call revealed that he was behind the black lotion of Benazir Bhutto, was killed by a drone. Ilyas Kashmiri was killed in a drone strike andHakimullahMehsud, who succeeded Baitullah, was killed twice in drone strikes. The first one was false but the atomic number 16 more recent one is yet to be proven false. Clearly, drone strikes are effective. However, Pakistans policy of saying one thing in public and quite the opposite in private should be replaced by when where the people should be persuaded of this strategys effectiveness.

Pronoun Usage Essay

Someone had go forth hand their lawn tennis post in the middle of the floor. This sentence has a problem with pronoun usage in that there is a plural personal possessive pronoun, but someone is a singular pronoun. Therefore, the sentence contains an error in withstandment. superstar can fix this error in four different ways. The first is to correct the error. Someone had left HIS or HER tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. This uses a singular personal possessive pronoun of his/her which does agree with the singular someone. Another way to correct the sentence is to use a plural subject. For example, both of my brothers left their tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Here, the pronoun BOTH agrees with the pronoun their in that they are both plural. A leash way to fix the error is to remove the pronoun altogether. The sentence would sound like this Someone had left tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Of course this one does not imply that the shoes left unavoidab ly belonged to the someone in question. Finally, one can avoid the confusion with the pronoun someone by using a more obviously singular subject. For example, a person left his or her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor. Or, my mother left her tennis shoes in the middle of the floor, or my father left his tennis shoes in the middle of the floor.

Efas and Ifas for Starbucks in India Essay

Population I think the bigger population is, the bigger commercialise ordain be. As the second largest population country, India was one of the biggest securities industrys in the world, so I weight it as 0.2. Cost of craunch From exhibit 3, I found that Indias cost of labor was very favorable. As a fraternity, we provide not barely focus on how much we earn. We in addition need to know how much we spent, because the more than we save, the more we earn. In conclusion, I weight it as 0.15. Availability of workforce quantity From exhibit 6, I found that over 55% populations are 15-59 years in India in 2001, and this number will bone up higher and higher in next 15 years. Therefore, there are many workforces in India. When Starbucks association enters India, it will offer many work opportunities for Indians. It can make India government giving more supporting for company, so I weight it as 0.1. Less coffee sell Less coffee retail will make Starbucks Company easy to enter t he market, but not easy to get market share, so I weight it as 0.05. Global Retail Development Index (GRDI) From exhibit 9, I found that India was NO.1 GRDI in the world, and the most important part in GRDI is market saturation. India market saturation was 89/100. It means there is a big piece of cake in India, but not only Starbucks Company can get it, so I weight it as 0.1. ThreatsThe viands habits differed across diverse religions and regions In India the regimen habits differed across diverse religions and regions, so it is difficult for Starbucks Company to produce products. In food market, the company which catches customers stomach will win the market share. Luckily, Starbucks was focus on coffee the different food habits will not influence too much, so I weight it as 0.05. Beverage market of coffee From exhibit 12A, I found that in Indian beverage market, coffee only had 6.7% in 2001, and reduce year by year. In 2005, coffee only had 2% market. As a coffee company, if Ind ia didnt have big market share for coffee, it is terrible for Starbucks, so I weight it as 0.15. Caf cocoa Day (CCD), Qwikys and Barista competition These are three biggest competition companies for Starbucks in India. As a fresh man in India, Starbucks need do more and better than others, or people will not change their habit to go to a new coffee shop, but competition also promote improve, so I weight it as 0.05. Liters Per Person (coffee) From exhibit 12B, I found that as a Indian, they drunk more than 20 times tea than coffee. Starbucks need make people drinking more coffee. I weight it as 0.05. Per Capita Consumption of Coffee in India State-wise From exhibit 13, Per Capita Consumption of Coffee in India was not big, and it reduced year by year form 1981-2001. As a company, the outset target is earning money, so if people dont want to spend money on your company, company will not run well. I weight it as 0.1.

Gm 591 final course project Essay

Walgreens is one of the fortune 500 companies and among the fastest growing retailers in the country. Walgreens as of April 30 operated 8307 location in both 50 states including the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Guam. This includes 7855 chemistss, 146 more than a year ago, including 21 stores acquired over the last 12 months. The company also operates infusion and respiratory services facilities, specialty chemists and mail service facilities. They also have a take c be health system infantryman which manages more than 700 in-store convenient care clinics and worksite health and wellness canters.This research is based on the problem lining the company on how executive stopping point making in the company has ca occasiond a negative affect and secondary productivity level among employees due to their decision to discontinue having Express manus (ESI) as their troika party provider. The result of this research is to determine how corporate decision has impacted employee esprit de corps and thus resulting in extravagantly employee turnover. Which as a result led to several questions arising as to how to trade wind with the Express Script debacle, which are as the follows? 1) How do we make up for the ESI loss?2) How do we empower the employee by boosting their morale after taking drastic measures (Job elimination, reduction in hours, Extreme pay cut) to make up for the broken profit? 3) How has corporate decision impacted the morale of employee productivity and personal growth? Walgreens has alship canal provided corking customer service, but changes in the competitive environment and in consumer behavior and expectations have caused them to intensify their focus. Walgreens bearing is to win the hearts and pockets of their customers by providing that wow acknowledge and delight score from customer appreciations.As a manager with the company, my role is to support the strategy by focusing on the strategy to deliver an heavy(p) customer experi ence through and through enhanced employee engagement by encouraging actions that will advance the experience to extraordinary levels for all customers. Also, to help all team members adopt an extraordinary customer care by listening and acting out customers expectations for the care and commitment they want to experience.PROBLEM rehearsalWith the tremendous growth and opportunity to expand, Walgreens was hit by hard times due to a proposed rejection by Express script (ESI) a major pharmacy third party provider. This decision led to unlike changes within the organization called Rewiring growth and field transformation. Walgreens took a stand and made a tough decision not to sign the 2012 contract with ESI. The result of this decision was a wooly-minded in the pharmacy gross sales with projected amount totalling al some six megs dollars worth of business lost to their competitors. (Walgreens Company Correspondent on ESI carnage)Even though, the company thought they made the rig ht decisions on behalf of their customers, patients and employees by not agreeing to the proposed footing and capital of New Hampshire by the ESI, they made a huge mistake because the bottom line of the whole debacle is that we lost totally. The board of directors and top executives wont admit they are wrong, they didnt think they will turn a loss and after ESI told them what they want and Walgreens was still insisting that demands be met. They thought ESI was bluffing and after December 31st 2011, they dropped Walgreens from their web services. LITERATURE REVIEWA Literature review was conducted to determine how alienating Walgreens from the ESI network has caused a major constraint on the payer, patients, and employees. Each party used various strategy to keep their patients in their network. Walgreens began move signage out encouraging consumers to talk to their insurance plans about excluding them from the network and for Medicare members to choose plans that arent run by E xpress Scripts. Walgreens also gave out a pamphlet about what happens when you remove them from the network.It goes as follows Key rumor Excluding Walgreens from a pharmacy network will result in little to no savings for most sponsors and patients, and in some cases will raise tolls, while causing significant patient disruption and risking gaps in care, and increasing administrative costs on plan sponsors. As part of this document, they are encouraging payers to conceptualize directly spying with them and/or creating a custom network (if their PBM contracts allow for that). They state that their costs are comparable to other retailers or within 2% of their costs. They say that 90-day retail generates a 6-8% savings compared to 30-day retail based on the pricing that they offered to Express Scripts.However, since Walgreens firm not to comply by agreeing to sign the contract, ESI had no choice but to drop them from their network. This decision was a far cry from what they anticipa ted because they thought a resolution will occur forward the end of the year. While both parties are dug in, it is a lose-lose situation for this debacle to stay unresolved, but after Jan 31st 2012, it became a win-lose situation for both ESI and Walgreens respectively.That existence said, a lot of changes happened at Walgreens in order to make up for the loss which is as follows This creates great use of the Walgreens discount card and/or cash business at Walgreens especially for lower cost generics. Alienating Walgreens creates a disruptive force in the FTC review of the proposed Medco acquisition. Another PBM jumps in to do a creative deal with Walgreens which limits their long-term ability to work with Express Scripts. Express Scripts ends up in a shotgun relationship with CVS.The terms of PBM contracts get changed going forward based on brand- unused terms regarding retailers. This validates the integrated model of CVS and Caremark This creates a large number of limited net works. This creates a wave of direct contracting between payers and pharmacies. Walgreens becomes a much more vocal voice in the retail world through NCPA and other organizations. Between this and the merger of Express Scripts acquisition of Medco, the landscape in the PBM market was drastically different by early 2012. (http//georgevanantwerp.com/2011/09/08/walgreens-and-express-scripts-the-plot-thickens)ANALYSISWalgreens has lost millions of dollars in prescription sales this year, and saw its second-quarter profit celestial latitude almost 8 part because of its departure in January from Express Scripts the nations largest network for weft drug prescriptions. (El Paso times, May 19, 2012)Walgreens executives give no signs they will try to negotiate a new deal with Express Scripts and said Walgreens will weather the storm with cost cutting and going after new business. (El Paso times, May 19, 2012)As a result of this decline, a lot of changes have taken immediate termination to affect the store level employees, like, extreme pay cuts, reduction in hours, hiring freeze, position eliminations etc. In return, this has left a lot of employee very unhappy and disgruntled about their jobs, which brings out a low morale and unsatisfactory job results. Most employees are very upset about the decisions the top counselling had made because in the end, it only affects the employee because obviously, thechairman of the company wasnt affected based on the incentive he accredited in the amount of 10.6 million dollars in cash last year.This is a 36% increase in his remuneration, a lot of employees were very upset when they read the report on Google and demanded an business relationship why our President and CEO is getting a raise when the company is losing almost 6 billion dollars in sales. Here is an excerpt from the associated press An Associated Press analysis of a regulatory filing shows Gregory Wasson received compensation worth $10.9 million in fiscal 2011, up from $8 million the previous year. Walgreen Co. is the largest chemists chain in the U.S., with more than 7,700 stores.Wasson, 53, has been Walgreens president and CEO since February 2009. All portions of Wassons compensation grew. His salary rose 12 percent to $1.2 million. His stock awards climbed 67 percent to $5.6 million, the prize of his options increased 30 percent to $2.2 million and his non-equity performance bonus went from $1.7 million to $2.7 million. His perks in 2011 were worth $339,977, up from $194,577. (http//townhall.com/news/business/2011/11/18)The negative consequences brought on by the decision made by Walgreens executives include lower employee morale, disgruntled employee, high turnover rate, excessive tardiness and insubordinate behavior. Ultimately, direction will think twice in the future before making a huge decision like this, so employee performances and morale will not suffer. Acknowledging managements responsibility for morale and turnover opens the door to creative solutions. (Hacker, 2000, preface p.xvii)SUGGESTIVE SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEMWalgreens has decided to use different strategies to increase revenue to make up for the ESI loss by implementing the following strategies a) picking in more prescription volume by attracting at least 18 new patients per store, they could knock back the business lost in their dis intruste with ESI. b) Suggestive selling this is a tool can use in the store every team member to increase profit c) Promoting private brand by upsell more private brands, the merchandising team is providing updated product guides and fresh package graphics.d) Incorporating the well experience into their unremarkable living to be known for providing a new selection of health services that create value for both consumers and healthcare systems. e) Prescription savings club They have signed up more than 700,000 new patients for the prescription savings club (PSC) since January. The PSC card offers savings on more than 8,000 brand name and all generic medications. f) Reinvent their cost structure through continuous improvement and innovation g) Expand across new channels and marketsh) Delivering outstanding customer experience through enhanced employee engagement i) Transforming the traditional drugstore to a retail health and daily living store j) Transforming community pharmacy to play a greater role in healthcare through integration and expanded services. These are some of the ways Walgreens has planned to help fill the potential $6 billion revenue gap created when their negotiations with express scripts was unsuccessful. (Walgreens universe Magazine January, 2012)REFLECTIONDespite all this key strategies, Walgreens is still in the hole with their stock equipment casualty down to $31.02 from $44, the hiring freeze, field transformation, rewiring growth and job elimination. I will recommend, at this point that Walgreens needs to put their ego aside and renegotiate their contracts wi th ESI because the worst is yet to happen. Since Express Script and Medco merged in action more patients are leaving the network, what happens then when CVS Caremark decided to pull the plug on us? consort cited1) (Hacker, 2000, preface p.xvii)2) (http//townhall.com/news/business/2011/11/18)3) (http//georgevanantwerp.com/2011/09/08/walgreens-and-express-scripts-the-plot-thickens) 4) Walgreens World Magazine5) Walgreens Company Correspondent on ESI Debacle6) El Paso Times Magazine